Methane questions

Heating RCOONa with soda lime forms ..........

1. A RH + Na₂CO₃
2. B ROH + NaHCO₃
3. C RCHO + Na₂CO₃
4. D RNa + NaHCO₃

The dry distillation of sodium butanoate CH₃(CH₂)₂COONa in the presence of soda lime forms ..........

1. A propane.
2. B propene.
3. C ethane.
4. D butane.

A compound was named wrongly: 1,1-dimethylpropane.
What is the correct IUPAC name of this compound, and from which sodium salt can it be prepared by dry distillation?

1. A Name: 1,2-dimethylpropane / salt: sodium 2,2-dimethylbutanoate
2. B Name: 2-methylbutane / salt: sodium 2-methylbutanoate
3. C Name: 1,2-dimethylpropane / salt: sodium 2-methylbutanoate
4. D Name: 2-methylbutane / salt: sodium 2,2-dimethylbutanoate

The alkane produced from the dry distillation of the salt with the formula (CₙH₂ₙ₋₁O₂Na) has the formula ..........

1. A CₙH₂ₙ₊₂
2. B Cₙ₋₁H₂₍ₙ₋₁₎₊₂
3. C Cₙ₋₁H₂₍ₙ₋₁₎₊₁
4. D CₙH₂ₙ

The compound with the formula Cₙ₋₁H₂ₙ is produced from the dry distillation of ..........

1. A CₙH₂ₙ₋₁O₂Na
2. B Cₙ₋₁H₂₍ₙ₋₁₎₊₂O₂Na
3. C CₙH₂₍ₙ₋₁₎₊₂O₂Na
4. D Cₙ₋₁H₂₍ₙ₋₁₎₊₁O₂Na

After preparing a sample of methane in the laboratory, a powder (X) was left in the reaction vessel.
Which of the following describes the solubility of powder (X) in water?

1. A It does not dissolve, because metal oxides and carbonates do not dissolve in water.
2. B It dissolves, forming a solution with a pH of 7
3. C It does not dissolve, because organic compounds do not dissolve in polar solvents.
4. D It dissolves, forming a solution with a pH greater than 7

Which of the following are fluxes?

1. A Sodium hydroxide and calcium oxide.
2. B Calcium oxide and fluorspar.
3. C Sodium hydroxide and fluorspar.
4. D Calcium carbide and coal tar.

The laboratory preparation of methane gas is similar to the industrial extraction of aluminium in that both ..........

1. A are oxidation processes.
2. B use a flux.
3. C take place in an aqueous medium.
4. D use organic solvents.

The compound that is liquid at standard temperature and pressure is ..........

1. A propane.
2. B ethane.
3. C normal pentane.
4. D 2-methylpropane.

Which of the following hydrocarbons is expected to be present in petroleum gases?

1. A C₃H₈
2. B C₇H₁₄
3. C C₁₆H₃₄
4. D C₂₀H₂₂

Kerosene is one of the ..........

1. A alkynes.
2. B alkenes.
3. C aromatic hydrocarbons.
4. D alkanes.

Which of the following gives the boiling points of the first three members of the alkanes?

1. A First: 160°C , second: 89°C , third: 42°C
2. B First: 42°C , second: 89°C , third: 160°C
3. C First: −160°C , second: −89°C , third: −42°C
4. D First: −42°C , second: −89°C , third: −160°C

An increase in the number of carbon atoms of alkanes results in ..........

1. A a decrease in their boiling point.
2. B a decrease in their volatility.
3. C an increase in their chemical activity.
4. D an increase in the percentage of hydrogen.

Which of the following compounds has the highest boiling point?

1. A Normal butane.
2. B Normal octane.
3. C 2,2,3-trimethylbutane.
4. D 2,2-dimethylpropane.

Paraffin wax is one of the ..........

1. A aromatic compounds.
2. B alkynes.
3. C unsaturated hydrocarbons.
4. D saturated hydrocarbons.

Paraffins dissolve in ..........

1. A H₂O(l)
2. B NaCl(aq)
3. C C₆H₆(l)
4. D NaOH(aq)

All of the following are properties of alkanes, except ..........

1. A Few of them dissolve in acetone.
2. B They are relatively chemically inactive.
3. C All of them are combustible.
4. D They may be solid, liquid or gaseous.

Which of the following describes alkanes?

1. A They burn in air forming water vapour and oxygen.
2. B They have the same structural formula.
3. C They can be separated from each other by fractional distillation.
4. D They are unsaturated compounds.

The number of moles of oxygen needed for the complete combustion of 1 mol of open-chain alkanes is found from the relation ..........
«where n equals the number of carbon atoms in the alkane»

1. A n + 2
2. B (n + 1)/2
3. C (3n + 1)/2
4. D n

From the opposite table:
Methane: molar mass 16 g/mol , ΔH = −891 kJ/mol
Ethane: molar mass 30 g/mol , ΔH = −1561 kJ/mol
Propane: molar mass 44 g/mol , ΔH = −2220 kJ/mol
Butane: molar mass 58 g/mol , ΔH = −2878 kJ/mol
Which of the following alkanes gives the largest amount of energy when 1 g of it burns?

1. A Methane.
2. B Ethane.
3. C Propane.
4. D Butane.

On the complete combustion of a sample of a hydrocarbon, 11 g of carbon dioxide gas and 9 g of water vapour are formed.
What is the molecular formula of this hydrocarbon?
[C = 12 , H = 1 , O = 16]

1. A CH₄
2. B C₂H₂
3. C C₂H₄
4. D C₂H₆

What is the mass of oxygen gas needed for the complete combustion of 11.2 L of propane gas (at STP)?
[C = 12 , H = 1 , O = 16]

1. A 60 g
2. B 80 g
3. C 120 g
4. D 160 g

The number of moles of H₂O(v) produced from the complete combustion of 1 mol of an open-chain alkane equals ..........

1. A n
2. B n + 1
3. C 2n + 2
4. D 3n + 1

What is the volume of the acidic gas (at STP) produced from the complete combustion of 0.5 mol of the compound that has an isomer in the butagas mixture?

1. A 11.2 L
2. B 22.4 L
3. C 44.8 L
4. D 67.2 L

A vessel containing a sample of methane gas and excess chlorine gas is exposed to ultraviolet rays.
What substances are in this vessel after the reaction ends?

1. A CCl₄ ✓ , HCl ✗ , H₂ ✗
2. B CCl₄ ✗ , HCl ✓ , H₂ ✗
3. C CCl₄ ✓ , HCl ✓ , H₂ ✗
4. D CCl₄ ✓ , HCl ✓ , H₂ ✓

Methane reacts with chlorine in a series of substitution reactions.
Which of the following gives the boiling points of methane and of the final main product?

1. A Methane: −162°C , final product: −77°C
2. B Methane: 162°C , final product: −77°C
3. C Methane: −162°C , final product: 77°C
4. D Methane: 162°C , final product: 77°C

Which of the following are the conditions needed to produce ethyl chloride?

1. A Excess ethane gas and 1 mol of chlorine gas in UV
2. B Ethane gas and excess chlorine gas in the dark at 25°C
3. C 1 mol of ethane gas and excess chlorine gas in UV
4. D Excess ethane gas and 1 mol of chlorine gas at 100°C

When a mixture of chlorine and propane gases reacts in the presence of UV, an inorganic gas is produced that can be detected by ..........

1. A Ca(OH)₂(aq)
2. B NaOH(aq)
3. C NH₃(g)
4. D SO₂(g)

All of the following describe marsh gas (X), except ..........

1. A X → C + 2H₂ (1000°C , in the absence of air)
2. B X + 2Cl₂ → CH₂Cl₂ + 2HCl (UV)
3. C The trichloro derivative of (X) is used in dry cleaning.
4. D Gas (X) is a source for preparing the reducing mixture in the Midrex furnace.

An aliphatic hydrocarbon reacts with fluorine according to the equation:
CₓH₆ + 2F₂ → CₓH₄F₂ + 2HF
Which of the following is correct?

1. A The reaction is an addition reaction.
2. B The hydrocarbon used is unsaturated.
3. C The molecular formula of the hydrocarbon used is C₃H₆
4. D This reaction needs ultraviolet rays to take place.

What is the number of isomers of the molecular formula produced from the reaction of 1 mol of propane with 2 mol of bromine in the presence of ultraviolet rays?

1. A 2
2. B 3
3. C 4
4. D 5

The main component of natural gas can be used to prepare the following organic compounds, except ..........

1. A ethyne.
2. B tetrachloromethane.
3. C water gas.
4. D chloroform.

What is the number of monohalogen isomers of the molecular formula that contains the same number of carbon atoms as the largest gaseous alkane?

1. A 2
2. B 3
3. C 4
4. D 5

(x) mol of bromine vapour is released when 24.08 × 10²³ molecules of hydrogen bromide react with 2 mol of concentrated sulphuric acid. How many moles of halothane contain (x) mol of bromine in their structure?

1. A 1 mol
2. B 2 mol
3. C 3 mol
4. D 4 mol

A reaction was carried out under suitable conditions between 190.4 L of chlorine gas and 32 g of the gas prepared by the dry distillation of anhydrous sodium acetate with soda lime.
What is the number of moles of the substance left unreacted?
[C = 12 , H = 1 , Cl = 35.5]

1. A 0.25 mol
2. B 0.5 mol
3. C 1 mol
4. D 2 mol

A transparent glass vessel exposed to ultraviolet rays contains 12.04 × 10²³ molecules of methane and 10 mol of chlorine gas.
What substances are in the reaction vessel after the reaction ends?

1. A Cl₂ , HCl , CCl₄
2. B Cl₂ , HCl , CH₂Cl₂
3. C Cl₂ , HCl , CHCl₃
4. D Cl₂ , HCl , CH₃Cl

After the fractional distillation of petroleum oil, long-chain hydrocarbon molecules can be changed into propane by ..........

1. A cracking processes.
2. B sintering processes.
3. C purification processes.
4. D polymerization processes.

Catalytic thermal cracking can be carried out on the compound whose chemical formula is ..........

1. A C₃H₆
2. B C₃H₈
3. C C₆H₁₄
4. D C₆H₆

The catalytic thermal cracking of the compound C₁₂H₂₆ produces three different compounds (X), (Y) and (Z).
Which of the following can represent compounds (X), (Y) and (Z)?

1. A (X): hexane , (Y): ethyne , (Z): 1-butene
2. B (X): octane , (Y): alkene , (Z): alkyne
3. C (X): butane , (Y): alkene , (Z): alkane
4. D (X): hexane , (Y): 1-butene , (Z): ethene

The following equation represents one of the processes carried out on one of the petroleum oil products under suitable reaction conditions:
Compound (X) → C₈H₁₈ + C₄H₈ + 2C₂H₄
Which of the following represents the previous process?

1. A Process: dry distillation , general formula of compound (X): CₙH₂ₙ₋₂
2. B Process: dry distillation , general formula of compound (X): CₙH₂ₙ₊₂
3. C Process: catalytic thermal cracking , general formula of compound (X): CₙH₂ₙ₊₂
4. D Process: catalytic thermal cracking , general formula of compound (X): CₙH₂ₙ

The catalytic thermal cracking of compound (X) forms an unsaturated compound (Y) and a saturated compound whose percentage is the largest in the butagas mixture used in cold regions; the number of carbon atoms in a molecule of the unsaturated compound is greater by 4 than in a molecule of the other product.
What is the physical state of compound (X) and the molecular formula of compound (Y)?

1. A (X): liquid , (Y): C₇H₁₄
2. B (X): liquid , (Y): C₆H₁₂
3. C (X): solid , (Y): C₇H₁₄
4. D (X): solid , (Y): C₆H₁₂

The following chart shows the products of a catalytic thermal cracking process:
Which of the following represents substances (P) and (Q)?

1. A (P): octane , (Q): ethene.
2. B (P): ethene , (Q): octene.
3. C (P): ethene , (Q): octane.
4. D (P): octene , (Q): ethene.

Which of the following gives the correct classification of one of the reactions of alkanes?

1. A CH₄ → C + 2H₂ : catalytic hydrogenation.
2. B (CH₃)₂CHCH₂CH₃ + 8O₂ → 5CO₂ + 6H₂O : addition.
3. C C₈H₁₈ → C₄H₁₀ + C₄H₈ : fractional distillation.
4. D C₂H₆ + Cl₂ → C₂H₅Cl + HCl : substitution.

The reaction of methane gas with steam forming water gas is a reversible reaction.
Which of the following gives the factors that increase the amount of methane gas changed into water gas?

1. A Pressure: increased , steam: decreased
2. B Pressure: increased , steam: increased
3. C Pressure: decreased , steam: increased
4. D Pressure: decreased , steam: decreased

When the simplest hydrocarbon is heated in the absence of air at 1000°C, gas (A) is formed. If a fuel cell consumes 1500 L of gas (A) at STP,
what is the number of moles of gas (B) consumed in the same cell?

1. A 133.92 mol
2. B 66.96 mol
3. C 33.48 mol
4. D 16.74 mol

What is the number of moles of chlorine gas needed to react with 1 mol of ethane gas to form 1 mol of the compound used in dry cleaning?

1. A 1 mol
2. B 2 mol
3. C 3 mol
4. D 6 mol

What type of reaction is used to prepare the freon CF₂Cl₂ from methane?

1. A Substitution.
2. B Addition.
3. C Elimination.
4. D Polymerization.

Which of the following substances react together to form a gas mixture that can be changed into liquid fuel?

1. A Methane and oxygen gas.
2. B Iron and steam.
3. C Dichloromethane and chlorine gas.
4. D Methane and steam.

What is the correct order of steps for obtaining the substance used as a pigment in black ink from the sodium salt of acetic acid?

1. A Fractional distillation, then heating in the absence of air.
2. B Dry distillation, then heating in air.
3. C Fractional distillation, then heating in air.
4. D Dry distillation, then heating in the absence of air.

From the following chart:
Which of the following shows the types of processes (1), (2) and (3)?

1. A (1): catalytic thermal cracking , (2): oxidation-reduction , (3): neutralization
2. B (1): fractional distillation , (2): combustion , (3): oxidation-reduction
3. C (1): catalytic thermal cracking , (2): combustion , (3): oxidation-reduction
4. D (1): fractional distillation , (2): oxidation-reduction , (3): neutralization

71 g of chlorine gas reacts completely with 22 g of propane gas C₃H₈ at 400°C:
(1) Deduce the molecular formula of the compound produced (using the equation of the reaction).
(2) Write the IUPAC names of the isomers of the monochloro derivatives of propane.
[Cl₂ = 71 g/mol , C₃H₈ = 44 g/mol]

Show by symbolic equations how to obtain water gas from sodium acetate.

Show by symbolic equations how to obtain chloroform from methane.

Write the expression of the equilibrium constant Kp for the reversible reaction between methane gas and steam under suitable reaction conditions.

Sodium butanoate CH₃(CH₂)₂COONa is found as white crystals:
(1) Write the molecular formula of the alkane corresponding to this salt, and state its physical state.
(2) What is the molecular formula of the compound produced from the dry distillation of sodium butanoate in the presence of soda lime?

When 1 mol of the alkane CₓHᵧ is burnt completely in excess oxygen gas, 176 g of CO₂ gas are formed.
Deduce the values of (x) and (y).
[C = 12 , O = 16]

The following equation represents a chemical reaction:
C₁₀H₂₂ → C₄H₁₀ + C₂H₄ + X
(1) What type of chemical reaction takes place?
(2) Deduce the molecular formula of compound (X).

Deduce the number of possible isomers produced from the reaction of 1 mol of propane with 2 mol of chlorine in direct sunlight.

Deduce the number of moles of halogen molecules needed to react with 1 mol of ethane to form 1 mol of halothane.

A branched gaseous alkane can be obtained by the dry distillation of the salt .......... (Sample exam 2026)

1. A sodium 2-methylpentanoate.
2. B sodium 2-methylhexanoate.
3. C sodium 3-methylbutanoate.
4. D sodium 3-methylpentanoate.

An alkane can be obtained by the dry distillation of each of the following, except .......... (Sample exam 2026)

1. A sodium butanoate.
2. B sodium 2-methylpropanoate.
3. C sodium methanoate.
4. D sodium 3-methylpentanoate.

Which of the following compounds gives 2-methylbutane on dry distillation? (2nd session 2024)

1. A Sodium 3-methylpentanoate.
2. B Sodium 2-methylpentanoate.
3. C Sodium hexanoate.
4. D Sodium butanoate.

In the following reaction: (1st session 2024)
(CH₃)₂CHCOONa + NaOH → (X) + Na₂CO₃ (CaO/Δ)
compound (X) is ..........

1. A propane.
2. B methylpropane.
3. C ethane.
4. D butane.

On the dry distillation of the salt sodium pentanoate (C₄H₉COONa) in the presence of soda lime, .......... is produced. (Trial exam / May 2021)

1. A pentene
2. B pentane
3. C butene
4. D butane

Which of the following processes can produce propane? (2nd session 2021)

1. A Dry distillation or catalytic thermal cracking.
2. B Destructive distillation or oxidation.
3. C Polymerization or catalytic hydration.
4. D Halogenation or dry distillation.

The following reaction shows the catalytic thermal cracking of compound (Y): Y → B + 2C₃H₆ (2nd session 2022)
If you know that compound (B) is prepared from the dry distillation of the salt C₄H₉COONa, then compounds (Y) and (B) are ..........

1. A (Y): decane , (B): butane.
2. B (Y): octane , (B): butane.
3. C (Y): decane , (B): pentane.
4. D (Y): octane , (B): pentane.